紀要論文

ファイン・マット復興運動と女性の現金獲得 : サモア独立国ジェンダー開発政策

Revival of Fine Mats Production and Income Generation for Women : Gender Development Policy in the Independent State of Samoa

jpn

00229741

https://doi.org/10.15002/00014919

法政大学経済学部学会

85

4

775

802

2018-03-23

Version of Record

Both MDGs and SDGs contain gender development in their goals with the former aiming to" Promote gender equality and empower women" and the latter hoping to" Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls." Both intend to minimalize gender gaps, which is a global trend in gender development policy. Nevertheless, in the Independent State of Samoa, which is a traditional society where the traditional division of labor is significant in everyday life in rural areas, gender development policies have to compromise between the maximalization and minimalization of gender roles. Fine mats are traditional female valuables that are woven by women who need to concentrate on delicate work in order to create the fine texture of the mats. In olden times, it took several months or even a year for a woman to finish a mat, which has no use value but is used a gift that is exchanged in ceremonies. Although fine mats used to be prized treasures, modern mats, produced after WWII, have been coarse and of poor quality. The fine mats’ revival is a movement that was started in the 1990s by an NGO. Later, in the 2000s, the government took it over as part of their gender development policy. The revival aims to empower women by emphasizing their traditional role as women in society (the maximalization of gender difference) while promoting income generation for weavers (the minimalization of gender gaps). This paper describe this policy based on the author’s anthropological research, and analyzes it in the context of present Samoan society where a subsistence economy still prevails at the same time as a cash economy is increasingly intruding into people’s lives.

Article

AN00071028