紀要論文

「黄粱夢」と「南柯夢」 : 能〈邯鄲〉における『南柯太守伝』受容の可能性

"The Handan Dream" and "The Nanke Dream" : The Possibility of Reception of "Nanke Taishou Zhuan" in the Noh Play "Kantan"

jpn

18838596

https://doi.org/10.15002/00030880

法政大学国際日本学研究所

21

259

280

2024-02-10

Version of Record

The noh play "Kantan" 邯鄲 is frequently performed in the current repertoire. It tells the story of a young man named Rosei 廬生 who travels to Mount Yōhi 羊飛 in So 楚 (Ch. Chu) to seek knowledge of Buddhism. He stays at an inn in Kantan and takes a nap with a pillow borrowed from the innkeeper, only to have a dream of great success and prosperity. Upon waking up, he realizes that his dream of fifty years of prosperity was just an illusion and decides not to continue his journey to Mount Yōhi. The prevailing theory on the source of "Kantan" is that it was based on Tang Dynasty chuanqi 伝奇 fiction named “Zhenzhong Ji” 枕中記 (Record of the World Inside a Pillow) and chapter 25 of the Japanese historical Taiheiki 太平記 (The Chronicle of Great Peace). However, Masayoshi Itō 伊藤正義 has compared these two works with "Kantan" and pointed out that the similarities in the dream sequences are weak. He argues that "Kantan" was influenced by a Japanese version of the "Kantan" story, adapted from Chinese sources and transformed through the genres of anthology and Zen literature. This paper discovered common points between "Zhenzhong Ji” and the Japanese version of the "Kantan" story, as well as a Tang Dynasty chuanqi fiction called "Nanke Taishou Zhuan” 南柯太守伝 (The Governor of Nanke). This paper examines four aspects of "Kantan": the protagonist's character, his entrance into the dream world, his exit from the dream world, and the influence of Taoist immortals. Furthermore, I explore how medieval Japanese intellectuals received "Nanke Taishou Zhuan” and consider the possibility that noh playwrights had access to this novel. When looking at Chinese poetry created by Song Dynasty intellectuals, "Nanke Taishou Zhuan” is often treated as a story with the same theme as "Zhenzhong Ji“. Huang Tingjian 黄庭堅, for example, wrote a poem combining both stories, and Su Shi 蘇軾 recognized "The Story of Nanke Taishou" as a dream narrative. Such recognition was transmitted to gozan (also pronounced gosan; Ch. Wushan; "five mountains") zen monks who loved to read the poetry of Su and Huang. They not only accepted the peom by Su shi and Huang Tingjian, but also incorporated "Nanke Taishou Zhuan” into their own poems, and some examples can be found that combine both the story of Kantan and "Nanke Taishou Zhuan". Thus, it is possible that the author of the noh play"Kantan" not only borrowed the basic story from the story of Kantan but also gained many insights from "Nanke Taishou Zhuan" to create the distinctive elements of the play, such as the protagonist's personality and the depiction of dreams.

Article

AA11914954