対日援助

根釧パイロットファーム

上北パイロットファーム

技術伝搬

The World Bank and the Agricultural Land Development Machinery Public Corporation concluded a loan agreement in 1956 for a land reclamation project. The project was composed of three sub-projects; Konsen Pilot Farm in Hokkaido, Kamikita Pilot Farm in Aomori Prefecture and Shinotsu Peatland Reclamation in Hokkaido. These two pilot farm sub-projects were not planned by the Japanese Government, but by an American farming machinery company. The company proposed the plan to the World Bank, and the project was adopted under the Bank's strong initiative. Up to that time, land reclamation in Japan had been conducted by human and animal power and took many years to clear a small land plot. The machine was able to clear the whole land within two years, and farmers were able to start faming immediately after settlement. However, farmland provided was smaller than that considered appropriate in the region, and the farmers had huge debt. Many farmers faced financial problems and were forced to abandon farming. On the other hand, survived farmers were able to purchase the abandoned land to enlarge their farmland, and were able to make their farm management prfitable. The two pilot farms have become the central stockbreeding areas in the regions. Machinery land reclamation method adopted in Konsen became a new development model and drastically changed development methodology in Hokkaido. In Kamikita, on the other hand, neither the Ministry of Agriculture nor Aomori Prefecture Government intended to promote stockbreeding, the experience of Kamikita Pilot Farm failed to be adopted as a development model. These projects aimed at pro?table and sustainable farming and it was attained in the both cases. However, the objective of transferring the experience and technology for future projects of the same nature was attained only in Konsen, not in Kamikita.

152 公共政策研究科 ＞ 紀要 ＞ 公共政策志林＝Public policy and social governance ＞ 1