紀要論文

成立期におけるアメリカ国立公園の理念と政策(1) : アメリカ国立公園の理念と政策についての歴史的考察(2)

Conflict of Interest between Tourism and Nature Conservation in National Parks in the United States (1)

jpn

00229741

https://doi.org/10.15002/00006122

法政大学経済学部学会

74

1・2

273

325

2006-08-28

Version of Record

The process describing how an individual national park was established in the United States between 1872 and 1915 has been previously discussed. This paper aims to clarify the following: 1) How the National Parks Act of 1916 came into force; 2) The contents of the Act; 3) The contents of the letter sent by Lane to Mather in 1918; 4) How the Japanese understood the concept of National Parks in the United States. The first task is to identify how the National Parks Act, whose objectives were to improve the conditions of National Parks, was established and provided for a central bureau to take charge of all the National Parks. The rail and tourism industries actively supported the movement for the National Parks Act, since they regarded parks as a profitable resource for the tourism industry. The second task is to clarify what the National Parks Act of 1916 contained. The National Parks Act specified that a central bureau for the management of National Parks be established for the first time in the United States, where numerous professionals would be employed with fixed salaries. The National Parks Act legislated two purposes: first, to preserve nature and second, to develop facilities for tourism within National Parks. However, this Act did not specify which purpose was more important. The third task is to examine the contents of the letter sent by Lane to Mather in 1918. This letter supplemented the principles of the National Parks Act;however, it did not resolve the ambiguity in the management of the National Parks. The final task is to clarify how the Japanese comprehended the National Parks Act, which placed more emphasis on the idea of conservation than that of development.

Article

AN00071028